Insulated masonry building wall construction

ABSTRACT

Highly heat insulated masonry building walls are made economically with required strength yet with less thickness and much less weight than a typical cavity wall by building up a masonry structure of limited thickness having the compressive strength but not all the lateral strength required; erecting metal reinforcing rods at intervals next to a side of the masonry structure; then attaching over it, as by strips of adhesive, preformed stiff panel sections made of a durable lightweight heat insulating material, e.g., of polystyrene foam, which form with the masonry structure separate vertical pockets enclosing the rod locations and shallow anticondensation cavities between them; and finally filling the pockets with a masonry binder such as grout and hardening the cast masses of binder about the rods to form in the pockets reinforcing ribs bound monolithically to the masonry structure. A new form of molded, mating insulating panel sections is provided for constructing the walls.

United States Patent Robertson et al.

[ 5] Feb. 1, 1972 [541 INSULATED MASONRY BUILDING WALL CONSTRUCTION [73]Assignee: BASF Corporation, New York, NY.

[22] Filed: Oct. 11, 1968 [21] Appl. No.: 766,794

OTHER PUBLICATIONS National Gypsum Co. Publication of May 1967, page 8Primary Examiner-Frank L. Abbott Assistant Examiner-James L. Ridgill,Jr.

Att0rney-Albert C. Johnston, Robert E. lsner, Lewis H. Eslinger andAlvin Sinderbrand [57] ABSTRACT Highly heat insulated masonry buildingwalls are made economically with required strength yet with lessthickness and much less weight than a typical cavity wall by building upa masonry structure of limited thickness having the compressive strengthbut not all the lateral strength required; erecting metal reinforcingrods at intervals next to a side of the masonry structure; thenattaching over it, as by strips of adhesive, preformed stiff panelsections made of a durable lightweight heat insulating material, e.g.,of polystyrene foam, which form with the masonry structure separatevertical pockets enclosing the rod locations and shallowanticondensation cavities between them; and finally filling the pocketswith a masonry binder such as grout and hardening the cast masses ofbinder about the rods to form in the pockets reinforcing ribs boundmonolithically to the masonry structure. A new form of molded, matinginsulating panel sections is provided for constructing the walls.

10 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures PATENIEDFEB H972 (638,381

INVENTORS. 41, A/\/ L ROBERTSON ARTH R AJQADY- EA TEK INSULATED MASONRYBUILDING WALL CONSTRUCTION This invention relates to new and improvedinsulated masonry walls for buildings and to a method and insulatingpaneling for constructing such walls.

Masonry building walls are commonly constructed as cavity walls to givethem both the required strength and better heat insulating propertiesthan a solid masonry wall. A typical cavity wall has two uprightstructures, such as an inner one of blocks about 4-inches thick and anouter brick structure about 4-inches thick, which are spaced apart byabout 2 inches to provide an insulating cavity in between. The cavitymust be provided with suitable vent holes in order to avoid condensationand freezing of moisture inside the wall.

THe construction of such a wall is quite costly in both labor andmaterials, and even though a heavy wall of about inches or more inthickness is formed the insulating properties obtained are notsatisfactory. Large amounts of heat are conducted through the wall underinclement weather conditions unless it is provided with an effectiveadditional layer of heat insulating material, which ordinarily would addexcessively to the costs of its construction.

An object of the present invention is to provide a building wallcomposed principally of masonry that can be made with required strengthyet with less thickness and weight and more economically thanconventional masonry building walls.

Another object of the invention is to provide an insulated masonry wallconstruction which, though made with less thickness and much lessweight, will have as much or more strength and far greater heatinsulating value than the usual cavity wall.

Another object is to provide a method and a new form of paneling for theeconomical construction of relatively light yet strong and highlyinsulated masonry building walls.

A further object is to provide an insulated masonry wall constructionwhich is so economical that it can be widely employed in buildingconstruction and which has such high heat insulating properties that itwill enable extensive economical uses of electrical energy instead ofair polluting fossil fuels for heating and air conditioning buildingsmade with this wall construction.

The stated objects are achieved by the invention through the applicationof several interrelated concepts and findings which may be describedgenerally as follows:

l. An upright masonry wall structure can be made with a limitedthickness, as by building it up from masonry elements such as bricks,blocks or stones laid to a thickness of, for example, about 4 inches, soas to have the compressive strength but not all the lateral strengthrequired for an outside building wall.

2. Such a masonry structure can than be brought to all or more than therequired strength by providing vertical reinforcing ribs, or studs, inmonolithic attachment to it at locations suitably spaced apart along oneof its sides.

3. A masonry wall structure so formed and reinforced can be insulatedwith great effectiveness, while still keeping the total wall thicknessas little as or less than that of a typical cavity wall, by covering itwith suitably preformed stiff paneling of a durable lightweight heatinsulating material such as a polystyrene foam or a similar insulatingmaterial.

4. The insulating paneling can be made to constitute pockets for fonningand enclosing the reinforcing studs, and also to provide beneficialcavitation inside the finished wall, by forming the inner side of thepaneling with vertically extending bearing portions, or ribs extendinglongitudinally thereof so as to bear and extend vertically against thesaid masonry structure, and having suitable recesses formed between themso that the bearing portions, or ribs, will serve for attachment of thepaneling to the masonry structure, as by means of strips of adhesiveapplied to their faces, and so that some of the recesses will definewith the masonry structure individual vertically open pockets in whichvertical stud of a masonry binding composition such as grout or a fineaggregate concrete may be cast and hardened in monolithic attachment tothe masonry structure at locations where it is deficient in lateralstrength.

5. By attaching insulating paneling so made to the erected masonrystructure, a highly insulated cavitated structure having the final wallthickness, except for the thickness of any desired wall finish to beapplied to the insulation, is obtained before the reinforcing studs areformed, and these ribs then may be formed simply by casting andhardening masses of the binding composition in the pockets formed by thepaneling at suitably spaced locations inside this structure. Thepreapplied insulating paneling eliminates all need for the erection andremoval of forms of the kind ordinarily required for the construction ofcast reinforcing studs. It can be made sufiiciently thick andheat-insulating, even at the locations where it forms the pockets forreinforcing studs, so that the reinforcing ribs formed in the wall willnot cause thermal air currents to develop along the outer or exposedside of the insulation.

6. The reinforcing studs themselves may be reinforced and the masonrystructure further strengthened by erecting metal reinforcing elementssuch as steel bars vertically next to the masonry structure, before thepaneling is applied, in the locations were the ribs are to be formed.The metal elements will then be enclosed in the pockets formed by theapplied paneling and will be embedded in, and bound to the masonrystructure by, the masses of binding composition cast and hardened in thepockets.

According to the invention as it embodies all of those concepts, a verystrong, highly insulated masonry building wall is constructed quiteeconomically, yet with less thickness and much less weight than atypical cavity wall of like strength, by first erecting masonry elementswith a suitable binder into the upright masonry structure of limitedthickness; then erecting metal reinforcing elements vertically next to aside of the masonry structure in the horizontally spaced locations wherelateral reinforcement of the masonry is required, as by typing steelreinforcing bars, or rods, to mortar layers of the masonry structure, orone to another, in such locations; then attaching the preformedinsulating paneling to and over the same side of the masonry structureso that the vertical pockets formedby certain recesses in the panelingwill enclose spaces occupied by the preerected reinforcing elements; andfinally filling the pockets with a suitable binder poured into themabout the reinforcing elements and letting the cast masses of binderharden in the pockets to form reinforcing studs bound monolithically tothe masonry structure.

The insulating paneling to be employed is advantageously provided in theform of a plurality of similar elongate planiform bodies, or sections ofthe insulating material molded to the required thickness andconfiguration and having a size enabling them to be easily lifted andapplied by hand one next to another so as to form a substantiallycontinuous insulating panel covering a side of the masonry structure.The panel sections are made with matable formations along theirlongitudinal edges so that they may be fitted together edgewise into aclosed panel. Their outer sides may be made even so that the panelformed by any number of them will present a substantially even wallsurface that can be easily finished by adhering to it a layer of aconventional decorative or finishing material made of paper, fabric,plastic sheeting, wood veneer, or the like, or a layer of plaster.

The individual panel sections are conveniently made with a lengthcorresponding to the height of the masonry wall structure, an over allthickness of about 3%to 4 inches, and a width corresponding to thespacing of the locations in which reinforcing studs are to be formed inattachment to the masonry structure. Thus, the inner side of each panelsection may be formed with at least one recess that is sufficiently deepand wide to provide a vertical pocket in which a reinforcing stud may beformed. In the case of a masonry structure made of common brick, thelateral reinforcement required will ordinarily be obtained by formingreinforcing studs bound to the brick structure at center distances ofabout 2 feet, and the insulating paneling for such a structure canconveniently be made in sections each having an effective width of about2 feet and having one pocket forming recess formed in its inner side.

The inner side of each panel section may be formed with three or more ofthe above-mentioned bearing portions extending longitudinally thereofand spaced apart transversely thereof, with individual recessesextending longitudinally thereof between respective pairs of the bearingportions. At least one of the recesses is made relatively deep toprovide a stud forming pocket, while each other recess is maderelatively wide and shallow to form between the panel section and themasonry structure an individual shallow cavity which will preventmoisture from condensing inside the insulated wall. The shallow cavitiesare self-ventilating along edges of the paneling. They not only have abeneficial insulating function but also provide concealed spaces throughwhich conduits or other devices may be passed easily without any damageto the finished wall.

The longitudinal bearing portions, or ribs, of the panel sections areadapted to bear against vertically extending areas of the masonrystructure and to be adhered thereto by suitable adhesive. Theypreferably have shallow grooves formed longitudinally in their faces toreceive long strips of the adhesive. These strips may be applied bylaying extrusions, or beads, of a plastic adhesive composition into thegrooves, whereupon the panel sections may be attached to the masonrystructure by simply pressing them against it, one after another, withtheir mating longitudinal edges fitted together. The long strips orextrusions of adhesive then fasten each panel section securely to themasonry and, in addition, form seals along opposite sides of each ribforming pocket so that there will be no objec-- tionable leakage ofgrout subsequently cast into the pocket.

If the masonry wall structure to be reinforced should happen to beespecially thin and weak at any particular location, the weakness can beovercome according to the invention by forming an especially largereinforcing rib, or stud, in attachment to the masonry at that location.An enlarged pocket for the formation of such a stud can be providedbetween the insulating panel and the masonry structure by inserting anespecially formed slab of the insulating material between longitudinaledges of two of the described panel sections.

In some cases it may be desirable to construct a wall in the mannerdescribed with reinforcing studs spaced along, and insulating panelingcovering, each side of the masonry wall structure of limited thickness.It will be evident that a masonry wall thus doubly reinforced andinsulated can be provided readily according to the invention.

The above mentioned and other objects, features and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following detailed description andthe accompanying drawing of illustrative embodiments of the invention.In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an insulated masonry wall inthe course of being made according to the invention, showing severalstages of the construction;

FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross section through a representative portion ofthe wall, as viewed approximately along line 22 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross section through another insulated masonrywall constructed according to the invention; and

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a preformed insulating panel sectionused in the wall construction.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 of the drawing, represents an upright masonry wallstructure made as an outside building wall by laying masonry elements 12such as bricks, stones, or concrete or cinder blocks, one upon and nextto another to a single width of these elements and binding the elementstogether by intervening layers I4 of a masonry binding composition suchas mortar, so that the structure 10 will have a limited thickness andweight rendering it sufficiently strong in compression but deficient inlateral strength for the purposes of the permanent wall required.

When common bricks are usedas illustrated the structure 10 will have athickness corresponding to their width, i.e., of about 4 inches. At somelocations, however, its thickness and lateral strength may be less thanthat given by masonry element laid to their full width. For example, asindicated at location A in the figures, a while brick 12a and a brickpiece 12b may be laid edgewise in confronting relation so that a gap isleft open in the inner side of the structure.

If desired, the masonry structure may be provided with internalreinforcing elements of conventional nature, such as metal strips orrods of the kind known as Dur-O-Wall" units, disposed horizontally inmortar layers between superimposed courses of the masonry elements.

When the masonry structure 10 has been erected, strong elongatemetalreinforcing elements such as steel bars or rods 20 are installedvertically next to the inner side of the masonry structure at suitablelocations spaced apart horizontally therealong. Typical locations forthese elements are indicated at A, B and C in FIG. 1. For a structure 10made of conventional masonry elements, the locations of the reinforcingelements 20, which correspond to the locations of reinforcing studs tobe formed in the wall, will ordinarily be spaced apart by acenter-to-center distance of about 2 feet. It has been found thatreinforcing studs formed at this spacing with steel reinforcing bars ofstandard No. 3 or No. 4 size will ordinarily carry all the positive andnegative moments generated by lateral forces, in conformance with theusual requirements of building codes in respect of nonload-bearingmasonry walls. In cases of masonry walls required to fulfill speciallateral force requirements, the spacing of the reinforcing studs and thesize and/or number of the reinforcing bars provided in them can bedetermined by conventional structural calculations.

The reinforcing elements 20 are held vertically in the requiredlocations by conventional wire ties 22 embedded in mortar layers of themasonry structure. Ordinarily a single rod 20 in each rib location willsuffice, as shown at locations B and C. Where an especially large andstronger reinforcing stud may be needed, as at location A where themasonry structure is weaker than at locations B and C, two or more ofthe rods may be provided and may be held vertically in place by wireties 23 extending from one rod to another.

The metal reinforcing elements 20 having been erected next to the innerside of the masonry structure 10, the structure is ready to be coveredby the insulating paneling. This is applied to form a substantiallycontinuous, highly heat insulating layer or panel 30 over the inner sideof the masonry structure, which panel in the form shown has an overallthickness of about 3% inches and is formed integrally over its own innerside with a number of vertically extending bearing portions or ribs 32held against the masonry structure and with individual recesses 33, 34and 35 extending vertically between many of these bearing portions.

The recesses 33 are relatively deep and are provided at the locations A,B and C where reinforcing studs are to be formed, being sufiicientlydeep and wide to form with the masonry structure 10 at these locationsvertically open pockets enclosing the rods 20 previously erected there.The recesses 34 and 35 are relatively wide and shallow, and serve toprovide shallow cavities between the masonry structure 10 and theinsulating panel 30 over major proportion of the area of the finishedwall.

The insulating panel 30 of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is constructed by attachinga suitable number of preformed panel sections like and section 40 shownin FIG. 4, one after and in edgewise mating relation to another, to theface of the masonry structure. Each panel section 40 is a stiff elongateplaniform body molded from polystyrene foam or a similarly durable firmlightweight insulating material. Its length may be, for example, about 8feet and its effective width about 2 feet. The outer side 42 of the bodyshown is substantially even and flat.

Insulating materials which may be formed into paneling suitable for theinvention include not only polystyrene foam but also other foamedsynthetic resins, e.g., a rigid polyurethane foam, foam glass, cork,wood fiber board compositions, and compressed and bonded masses of glassfibers.

The panel section 40 has one longitudinal edge 43 recessed at the innerside and the other longitudinal edge 44 recessed at the outer side, sothat any number of like sections will fit together edgewise to form asubstantially continuous panel 30 having an even outer surface as shown.The inner side of the body is formed with four longitudinal bearingportions 32, two of which are at its edges and the other two of whichborder a relatively deep recess 33 in which a reinforcing stud is to beformed. The intervening wider areas of the inner side are formed withrelatively wide shallow recesses 34 and 35 which, for example, may havea depth of about one-half inch. The bearing portions have shallowgrooves 45 formed longitudinally in their faces to receive long strips,or extrusions, of an adhesive suitable for attaching them to the masonrystructure.

The several panel sections 40 required for forming the insulating panel30 can be attached in place by simply pressing them one after anotheragainst the masonry structure after laying strips of adhesive 46 in thegrooves 45 along the faces of their respective bearings portions 32. Theadhesive strips 46 adhere them firmly to the masonry structure and sealoff sides of the pockets formed by the recesses 33 at the locations A, Band C. Then these pockets are filled with a suitable masonry binder suchas grout or a concrete made with fine aggregate, which is easily pouredinto the pockets from the top of the wall structure. Upon hardening ofthe masses of binder cast into the pockets, strong reinforcing studs 50,52 and the like having the reinforcing rods 20 embedded in them areobtained in secure monolithic attachment to the masonry structure atlocations A, B, C, and the like.

The wall construction shown in FIG. 3 is similar to that of FIG. 1 andFIG. 2, being made in similar manner with a masonry structure 10A oflimited thickness, with an insulating panel 30A formed from severalpanel sections 40 attached to the masonry structure by adhesive stripsextending along the faces of their bearing portions, and withreinforcing studs 50 and 52 cast about rods in vertical pockets formedby panel recesses 33 and adjacent parts of the inner side of the masonrystructure. FIG. 3, however, illustrates a modification of the inventionwherein an abnormally large and strong reinforcing stud 54 is formed ata location where the masonry structure requires special reinforcement.

As shown in FIG. 3, the masonry structure 10A has a relatively weak areaat location D, where its thickness is represented by that of a singlehalf brick 12a. A group of four steel reinforcing rods 20 tied by wires24 is erected next to the masonry structure at this location, andpreformed sections 40 of the insulating panel 30A are applied near tothis location so that there will be a considerable gap between themwhere the rods have been erected. This gap is then filled by anespecially formed slab 56 of the heat insulating material, which may becut to fit into the notch along edge 44 of one panel section and beglued to the edge 43 of the next panel section. Thus an enlargedvertically open pocket is formed to enclose the several metalreinforcing elements at location D, and when it is filled with grout ora like binder and the binder is hardened an abnormally large and strongreinforcing stud 54 is obtained in monolithic attachment to the masonryelements at that location.

The thin layer seen at 60 in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 represents a finishinglayer of plaster or a suitable sheet material applied over the outer orexposed side of the insulating panel of the completed wall.

It will be evident that the new features of the invention herein setforth may be utilized in various ways other than those particularlydescribed and illustrated in the drawing. The invention is not intendedto be restricted to particulars of the description or of the illustratedembodiments except as may be required by fair construction of theappended claims.

1. An insulated masonry building wall comprising an upright wallstructure made up of masonry elements with a thickness rendering saidstructure self-sustaining with the compressive strength but not all thelateral strength required for said wall, a panel of durable firmlightweight nonmasonry heat insulating material attached to and coveringa side of the structure, the inner side of said panel having formedintegrally therewith bearing ribs spaced apart horizontally andextending vertically against said structure, and having verticallyextending recesses defined therein between said bearing ribs, some ofsaid recesses forming between said panel and said structure individualvertically extending pockets having enclosed therewithin reinforcingstuds formed vertically upon said side of said structure at locationsspaced apart horizontally therealong where said structure if standingwithout said studs would be deficient in lateral strength, each of saidstubs comprising a vertically elongate mass of a masonry binding composition cast and set against said structure and thus monolithicallybound thereto over substantially the vertical extent thereof at one ofsaid locations, said masonry structure and said studs thereon providingsubstantially all the compressive and lateral strength of the completewall.

2. A wall according to claim 1, said studs comprising elongate masses ofsaid composition cast and hardened in situ in said pockets.

3. A wall according to claim I each of said studs also comprising atleast one metal reinforcing element erected vertically next to saidstructure and embedded in said mass of said binding composition.

4. A wall according to claim 1, said panel comprising a plurality ofelongate molded planiform sections of said material having matingformations along their longitudinal edges for interfitting them edgewiseone with another, each of said sections being formed along one sidethereof with a plurality of said bearing ribs and at least one of saidpocket-forming recesses.

5. A wall according to claim 1, said panel comprising a plurality ofelongate molded planiform sections of a polystyrene foam having matingformations along their longitudinal edges for interfitting them edgewiseone with another, each of said sections being formed along one sidethereof with a plurality of said bearing ribs and at least one of saidpocket-forming recesses.

6. A wall according to claim 1, the others of said recesses beingrelatively wide and shallow and forming individual shallow cavitiesextending vertically between said masonry structure and said panel toprevent condensation therebetween.

7. A wall according to claim 1, said panel comprising a plurality ofelongate planiform sections of a molded foamed synthetic resin material,said sections fitting one against another along their longitudinaledges, each of said sections being formed along one side thereof with aplurality of said bearing ribs and at least one of said pocket-formingrecesses.

8. A wall according to claim 1, said panel being attached to saidstructure by strips of adhesive applied to and along the faces of saidbearing ribs and adhered to said structure.

9. A wall according to claim 8, said faces having shallow grooves formedlongitudinally therein, said strips being extrusions of a plasticadhesive composition laid in said grooves.

10. An insulated masonry building wall comprising an upright masonrystructure made up of masonry elements and intervening layers of amasonry binding composition with a limited thickness rendering saidstructure self-sustaining with the compressive strength but not all thelateral strength required for said wall, an insulating panel attached toand covering a side of said structure, said panel comprising a pluralityof vertically elongate planiform sections of a molded foamed syntheticresin material, each of said sections having formed integrally therewithalong its side facing said structure a plurality of longitudinal ribsspaced apart horizontally and extending and bearing vertically againstsaid structure, and having vertically extending recesses defined thereinbetween said ribs, at least one of said recesses of each said sectionmonolithically bound to said structure over substantially the verticalextent thereof at a location where said structure if standing withoutsaid stud would be deficient in lateral strength, and strips of adhesiveapplied to faces of said ribs of each said section and adhering them tosaid structure, said masonry structure and said studs thereon providingsubstantially all the compressive and lateral strength of the completewall

1. An insulated masonry building wall comprising an upright wallstructure made up of masonry elements with a thickness rendering saidstructure self-sustaining with the compressive strength but not all thelateral strength required for said wall, a panel of durable firmlightweight nonmasonry heat insulating material attached to and coveringa side of the structure, the inner side of said panel having formedintegrally therewith bearing ribs spaced apart horizontally andextending vertically against said structure, and having verticallyextending recesses defined therein between said bearing ribs, some ofsaid recesses forming between said panel and said structure individualvertically extending pockets having enclosed therewithin reinforcingstuds formed vertically upon said side of said structure at locationsspaced apart horizontally therealong where said structure if standingwithout said studs would be deficient in lateral strength, each of saiDstubs comprising a vertically elongate mass of a masonry bindingcomposition cast and set against said structure and thus monolithicallybound thereto over substantially the vertical extent thereof at one ofsaid locations, said masonry structure and said studs thereon providingsubstantially all the compressive and lateral strength of the completewall.
 2. A wall according to claim 1, said studs comprising elongatemasses of said composition cast and hardened in situ in said pockets. 3.A wall according to claim 1 each of said studs also comprising at leastone metal reinforcing element erected vertically next to said structureand embedded in said mass of said binding composition.
 4. A wallaccording to claim 1, said panel comprising a plurality of elongatemolded planiform sections of said material having mating formationsalong their longitudinal edges for interfitting them edgewise one withanother, each of said sections being formed along one side thereof witha plurality of said bearing ribs and at least one of said pocket-formingrecesses.
 5. A wall according to claim 1, said panel comprising aplurality of elongate molded planiform sections of a polystyrene foamhaving mating formations along their longitudinal edges for interfittingthem edgewise one with another, each of said sections being formed alongone side thereof with a plurality of said bearing ribs and at least oneof said pocket-forming recesses.
 6. A wall according to claim 1, theothers of said recesses being relatively wide and shallow and formingindividual shallow cavities extending vertically between said masonrystructure and said panel to prevent condensation therebetween.
 7. A wallaccording to claim 1, said panel comprising a plurality of elongateplaniform sections of a molded foamed synthetic resin material, saidsections fitting one against another along their longitudinal edges,each of said sections being formed along one side thereof with aplurality of said bearing ribs and at least one of said pocket-formingrecesses.
 8. A wall according to claim 1, said panel being attached tosaid structure by strips of adhesive applied to and along the faces ofsaid bearing ribs and adhered to said structure.
 9. A wall according toclaim 8, said faces having shallow grooves formed longitudinallytherein, said strips being extrusions of a plastic adhesive compositionlaid in said grooves.
 10. An insulated masonry building wall comprisingan upright masonry structure made up of masonry elements and interveninglayers of a masonry binding composition with a limited thicknessrendering said structure self-sustaining with the compressive strengthbut not all the lateral strength required for said wall, an insulatingpanel attached to and covering a side of said structure, said panelcomprising a plurality of vertically elongate planiform sections of amolded foamed synthetic resin material, each of said sections havingformed integrally therewith along its side facing said structure aplurality of longitudinal ribs spaced apart horizontally and extendingand bearing vertically against said structure, and having verticallyextending recesses defined therein between said ribs, at least one ofsaid recesses of each said section forming between said section and saidstructure a vertically extending pocket and others of said recessesbeing wider and shallower than said pocket so as to form individualshallow cavities extending vertically between said section and saidstructure to prevent condensation therebetween, each said pocket havingenclosed therewithin a reinforcing stud comprising at least one metalreinforcing element erected vertically next to said structure and avertically elongate mass of a masonry binding composition cast and setin said pocket about said reinforcing element and against said structureand thus monolithically bound to said structure over substantially thevertical extent thereof at a location where said structure if standingwithout said stud would be dEficient in lateral strength, and strips ofadhesive applied to faces of said ribs of each said section and adheringthem to said structure, said masonry structure and said studs thereonproviding substantially all the compressive and lateral strength of thecomplete wall.